• To review the expected post-treatment imaging appearances of gynecologic malignancies
• To demonstrate the imaging findings of complications after surgery
• To demonstrate the imaging findings of complications after chemoradiotherapy (CRT)

Gynecologic malignancies account for 10-15% of all malignancies in females. Different treatment methods are available depending on the organ of origin, tumor histology, grade, and stage. Surgery, chemotherapy, or CRT are available management options for gynecologic malignancies.

Imaging of the abdomen and pelvis following these treatments plays a crucial role to determine the expected post-treatment imaging appearances, demonstrate possible complications of treatments, and avoid pitfalls in diagnosis.

Surgery and postsurgical complications

Hysterectomy is the most common procedure performed for gynecologic malignancies. Depending on the extent of the disease it can be tailored such as subtotal or radical hysterectomy or as a part of debulking surgery. The most common complications of hysterectomy are infection, bleeding, lymphatic leakage,...

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The gynecologic malignancies can be treated with variable oncologic surgical options or chemoradiotherapy according to the organ of origin, tumor histology, stage and grade. It is important for the radiologists to be aware of the different surgical techniques and primary chemoradiotherapy approaches as well as the expected post-treatment imaging findings in abdomen and pelvis to easily recognize possible early and delayed complications after treatment.